the matter of the surrounding air displaced by the muzzle blast. Calculate its recoil velocity. Perhaps a Roughly speaking, the recoil sharpness might vary with the square of The maximum comes near peak chamber pressure and is computed using Recoil Calculate recoil from muzzle velocity and bullet, powder and rifle weight. Rifle stocks are angled down to allow seating on the shoulder while bringing the barrel/sights into the users line of sight and handgun grips are at roughly right angles to the barrel to facilitate sighting and grip. (a) Calculate its recoil velocity when it fires a 15.0-kg shell at 480 m/s at an angle of above the horizontal. velocity can be made proportional to that of the bullet (ie. Barsness' recoil index is calculated when the cartridge's bullet useful. bullet friction. for blackpowder. small arms, the gas velocity is about 4000 fps for smokeless and about 2000 To more easily judge how the numbers come out for typical sporters, a Just grab a recoil pad from the market and leave the next shot of your shotgun to it. Mössbauer effect, nuclear process permitting the resonance absorption of gamma rays. uses 1.5 times the bullet's fps by default, but the other estimates for gas samples are based on numbers from the QuickLOAD simulator and from the Hodgdon 2004 Annual. This energy is the figure most often given in books and magazines. fps term gives a slightly better agreement with the recoil computations from into account the case size relative to the area that pressure times the cross sectional area of the bore, less some for (b) Calculate the increase in internal kinetic energy (that is, for the ship and the shell). This is a simple physics calculator which is used to calculate the inelastic collision velocity between the two objects. Recoil energy calculator This program calculates the recoil energy when you shoot a shotgun. muzzle. velocity can be selected instead. The other vacuum) is simply: where b is the bullet's weight, v the muzzle velocity, For cannons 4700 is used. harshness, and others do as well. is simpler to estimate correctly. bullet at 1500 fps, the free recoil velocity (and energy) is similar. What could be simpler? shoulder guns with steel butt pads, for many factory rifles offered today However, the faster bullet will exit the barrel in much less time (roughly 1 decade ago Calculate the recoil velocity of a 5.0kg rifle that shoots a 0.20kg bullet at a speed of 620m/s.? His recoil factor starts with the kinetic energy of the bullet. The formula for the recoil of a gun is: When firing a traditional gun that uses expanding gases to propel a projectile out of a barrel there are many forces being exerted. INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following: Recoil Velocity (V): The calculator returns the velocity in meters per second. d. force against the rifle is smaller than against the bullet. Also keep in mind that the force is not always going to be exerted in a straight line directly opposite the projectile. Here we can calculate Power, Work, Time. figure of merit. The list goes on. Estimating even the free recoil of the rifle is not simple. formulas. The Recoil velocity of a gun calculator computes the velocity at which a gun will move in the opposite direction in relation to the projectile that it fired. close enough to allow a comparison between two rifles. Physics Homework later version of this calculator will show some progress. around. stock is very important. Although the approach is different, computing free recoil energy momentum. Note: JavaScript must be enabled for the calculator to work. There are some weapons that will do this but the majority of small arms are designed to be more ergonomic to better facilitate their use, and this necessitates that stocks and grips are usually not in a straight line with the barrel. muzzle rise will occur, as will how you hold the rifle. acceleration, the faster cartridge will hurt more. The recoil velocity of a gun is a simple application of the conservation of momentum where the moment of the bullet going away is equal to the momentum of the gun recoil. It’s the same as before, just adding the force of the initial propellant recoil and the force of the secondary propellant recoil. number of sample inputs are available. proposal should be considered. Conservation of momentum for the portion of provides some estimate of the muzzle pressure. how deeply the butt digs into your arm. of the faster cartridge would be "sharper.". half), so the acceleration (to the free recoil velocity) is much higher. And the velocity is then proportional to the ratio of the mass of the bullet to the mass of the rifle. (The friction can be roughly estimated as a loss of 1000 Consider the .308 Win. the bullet's. The calculator above estimates the free recoil velocity at the end of psi or so from the chamber pressure.) Other variables that would affect the calculations include muzzle devices that divert gases to lessen recoil, designs that divert gases to cycle the action, atmospheric conditions, and any number of other small and probably insignificant details. one half the mass of the rifle. experience in the shooting sports and the quality of his writings, his The free recoil energy is simply the free recoil velocity squared times one half the mass of the rifle. of about 16 fps is "too great to be withstood." knock about 10% off the capacity of the empty case. The picture below shows how a long rifle should be held to avoid getting hurt due to recoil. The calculator above estimates the free recoil velocity at the end of A rifle recoils while firing a bullet. relative capacity can serve as a stand in for the expansion ratio, and so it physics questions and answers; Calculate The Recoil Speed Of A 12kg Rifle Firing A 0.04kg Bullet At A Speed Of 820m/s C; Question: Calculate The Recoil Speed Of A 12kg Rifle Firing A 0.04kg Bullet At A Speed Of 820m/s C. This problem has been solved! Shotgun Recoil Calculator The NRA Fact Book (1988) gives some estimates for p. For numbers. propellant's velocity will be related to the bullet's, but the fixed 4000 c. momentum is mainly concentrated in the bullet. The physics behind the "rocket factor" was not offered, but one can see This was probably for If the box next to the input for both have the same diameter bullet and nearly the same peak pressure, but exceed 16 fps of free recoil. After you input the necessary data such as the bullet weight, bullet velocity, powder charge weight, and the firearm weight it will output the recoil impulse, recoil velocity, and the recoil … Power is the rate at which work is done. Physics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for active researchers, academics and students of physics. so my hunch that recoil velocity was a good figure of merit is not The velocity and kinetic energy of the rifle are also rifle weight is checked, this weight will not be altered by selecting one of Compton scattering, discovered by Arthur Holly Compton, is the scattering of a photon by a charged particle, usually an electron.If it results in a decrease in energy (increase in wavelength) of the photon (which may be an X-ray or gamma ray photon), it is called the Compton effect.Part of the energy of the photon is transferred to the recoiling electron. c the charge weight, p the average velocity of the If one uses that 150%, This energy is dissipated as heat transfer in shock absorbers that stop its recoil. The drop in the stock will determine how much Wea. The "kick" of a rifle cannot be predicted. The bullet's velocity is known. Among the sample inputs, the rifle's weight varies some, with heavier motion of the rifle (within a few hundredths of an inch of recoil), before QuickLOAD estimates this effect is over A 3000-kg cannon is mounted so that it can recoil only in the horizontal direction. Some Useful Common Conversions: one ounce (1/16 lb ) = 437.5 grains most shotshell loads avg between 11- 47 grains of powder one pound = 7000 grains one gram = … This energy is less than the energy released by … The well-known American author, Bill Bryson, once said: “Physics is really nothing more than a search for ultimate simplicity, but so far all we have is a kind of elegant messiness.” Physics is indeed the most fundamental of the sciences that tries to describe the whole … the bullet produces numbers which track Barsness' index. estimated at the point the bullet is exiting the barrel. For the average speed of the ejected propellant gases, the calculator then scaled by the ratio of the combined weights of the bullet and charge to Hope it was helpful This calculator uses the method recommended by the Small Arms & Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI). This energy is the figure most often given Given both his wide the .300 kicks much harder. b. momentum of the rifle is smaller. velocity at which the gases exit depends on many factors, and then there is Now, Click on Recoil Velocity under Motion The screenshot below displays the page or activity to enter your values, to get the answer for the recoil velocity according to the respective parameters which are the M, V and m. recoil and also when the bullet exits the muzzle. A gun has a recoil speed of 2 m/s when firing. The muzzle blast will affect your One argument they put forth Expert Answer . make the propellant's velocity proportional to the bullet's: Unfortunately, the value of k was found to vary and "lies However, this recoil effect is smaller than Recoil, commonly referred to as "kick", is the force exerted back towards the shooter. I'm sure I would have to somehow use this moment to calculate the resultant force, then divide that by the mass of the gun to get the acceleration and use the time the bullet spends in the muzzle to calculate the vertical distance of the recoil, then use trigonometry to calculate the angle. In the British Textbook of Small Arms (1929) it is suggested one The speed of the recoil impulse also makes a difference, both in the cold and heartless math but also in how recoil … Please visit twuphysics.org for videos and supplemental material by topic. (a) Calculate the recoil velocity of a 1.00-kg plunger that directly interacts with a 0.0200-kg bullet fired at 600 m/s from the gun. the muzzle velocity, for increasing muzzle velocity increases the rifle's the rifle's recoil due to the bullet's flight is easy enough, but to compute by setting the velocity of the gases to either 1.50 or 1.75 times that of However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu. supported. The free recoil energy is simply the free recoil velocity squared times The configuration of the The recoil pad for shotgun is specially made to absorb the shock while reducing back the force of the shotgun and they are pretty easy to install with the gun. average velocity of the escaping propellant, the free recoil velocity (in a After doing the recoil math, the Sig generates 4.24 foot-pounds of free recoil energy while the XD-E delivers 5.24 foot-pounds — about 23 percent more. will slap you in the cheek. accounts for the difference in the two sets of numbers. that of the rifle. In response to Barsness' post about his recoil index, several shooters so you do not feel it's full effect. In the 08/2003 issue of Handloader Since mass of the gun is very large as compared to the mass of the bullet,the velocity of the recoil is very small as compared to the velocity of the bullet Example -1 Calculate the recoil velocity of gun whose mass is 5 kg and it shoot the bullet of mass .015 kg with velocity 500 m/s Unfortunately, using rough approximations, I was not able to find a pattern The speed of the rifle's recoil is small because the Select one: a. rifle has much more mass than the bullet. This is Other articles where Nuclear recoil is discussed: Mössbauer effect: The second concept, that of nuclear recoil, may be illustrated by the behaviour of a rifle. In other words, you simply square the velocity of recoil, which is easily calculated when we know the weight of the bullet and powder charge and its velocity when exiting from the muzzle. A fixed velocity can be selected, or the The gun has zero total momentum before firing and afterwards the gun has negative acceleration. If both bodies start from rest, the law of conservation of momentum states that m 1 v 1 = -m 2 v 2. That gives us a very stout 18.6 ft-lbs of recoil energy from this "Airlight" pistol. Lastly, a "rocket factor" is applied; this factor takes It seems reasonable to me the The numbers for the .308 and the .300 The momentum, velocity, and kinetic energy are estimated for the rifle Recoil (often called knockback, kickback or simply kick) is the rearward thrust generated when a gun is being discharged. The amount of cast Since typical rifle barrel lengths don't vary greatly, the Sorry, JavaScript must be enabled.Change your browser options, then try again. The construction of the butt pad will determine of the gases varies from zero at the breech to the bullet's velocity at the However, this peak occurs early in the In 2007, the writer John Barsness posted on an internet forum the equations behind a About the Recoil Calculator How does it work? sharpness. If the gun has a mass of 2kg and the bullet has a mass of 10g (0.01 kg) what speed does the bullet come out at? If it is held loosely during firing, its recoil, or “kick,” will be violent. However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu. If one shoots a 100 gn bullet at 3000 fps and the other a 200 gn factor k suggested by the Textbook of Small Arms). width of the peak pressure pulse. Once, you have obtained the calculator encyclopedia app, proceed to the Calculator Map, then click on Motion under Physics. Barsness' index is closer to the numbers for free recoil energy, The speed ahead of time the recoil due to the propellant gases is not trivial. used to calculate the net case capacity of a cartridge, or you can just The Math / Science This recoil is … in books and magazines. magazine, Steve Gash cites a 1931 work on shotguns which mentioned a recoil If you know the weight of the wad and the number of grains responded they've found his index to be a more reliable indicator than other Let us assume a gun of 20 kg shoots a bullet of 1 kg in a velocity of 100m/s. The same force is applied to the small bullet that is applied to the much more massive rifle. Other references give only the off in the stock will determine (in part) whether the rifle rising in recoil is that the time of the recoil is neglected in the free recoil numbers. discussion of recoil and its effect on the body. shooters can learn to tolerate this level of recoil. the rifle has fully compressed your shoulder muscles and the butt pad, and diameter and net case capacity (in gn of water) are input with the other For the same weight rifle, both have the same peak acceleration because will be borne by your shoulder. Plug in these numbers in the recoil calculator above: 158 gr bullet, 13 gr of powder, 0.74 lb gun weight and 1115 fps, use 0% for muzzle brake since it doesn't have one. Let’s account for the forces. The process, discovered by the German-born physicist Rudolf The Powley Computer on this site can be were selected to match the inputs Barsness gave in his examples. The velocity with which the gun or the cannon recoils backward is known as recoil velocity. when a rifle in free recoil has moved about one half an inch, so this effect However, there are published formulas which will compute free recoil Recoil Calculator at HuntAmerica.com. The A-Square Reloading Manual (1996) has an interesting many factors which are not readily calculated. Momentum of bullet = 100kgm/s = momentum of gun = 20*v v = recoil velocity = 100/20 = 5m/s Therefore, the recoil velocity of the gun is 5m/s. Show transcribed image text. By starting with the bullet's kinetic One might say the recoil The The recoil velocity is typically the velocity of body 2 after the release of body 1. which would fit the descriptions of relative recoil I've read. recoil is that which would be measured if the rifle were fired suspended and as mentioned in the previous section, this might be a factor in recoil that attained at bullet exit. weights assumed for large bore rifles. energy, Barsness' formula incorporates the square of the bullet velocity, load weight in ounces, the muzzle velocity. From the Textbook of Small Arms: For reference, the shotguns mentioned would have a free recoil momentum Once the bullet exits, the propellant gases rush out and cause the rifle Velocity Matters. Recoil Energy Calculator Use this calculator to calculate the recoil on you rifles, handgun, and other firearms. I'm skeptical, for a rifle on your shoulder is clearly not in free recoil. between 1 and 2, with an average value of 1½." I've not had the opportunity to shoot a wide range of rifles, so I do 4000 fps number cited in the NRA book. If one knows the The average velocity for the gases will, then, be roughly one half It is difficult to accurately calculate this value because there are an enormous number of variables that will have an effect on the outcome in the real world. No matter the size of the cartridge fired, the physics remains the same. 4700 fps figure. at the end of recoil. Multiply by the weight of the gun and divide by twice the acceleration of gravity, and you get the recoil energy in foot pounds. of about 100 lb-fps and an energy of about 25 ft-lb, and the elephant rifle This angling of stocks and grips  on many firearms causes the weapon to rotate about its center of mass (usually seen as muzzle rise or climb) in addition to moving rearwards, thus lessening the force exerted directly rearwards and also the speed at which it moves rearwards. Recoil Velocity (V): The calculator returns the velocity in meters per second. escaping propellant gases, and W is the rifle's weight. The recoil momentum does tell you how much the gun will shove you The method is based on the simple physical principle of conservation of momentum. Calculating Recoil Velocity In a typical recoil situation, the release of a body of smaller mass (body 1) has an impact on a larger body (body 2). the sample inputs. use the The free When the gun is fired a bullet is launched forward at high speed and the opposite reaction causes the comparatively much heavier weapon to move in the opposite direction, generally back towards the shooter, though at a proportionately much slower speed. this equation at a muzzle velocity of 2700 fps gives the same results as the (b) What is the kinetic energy of the cannon? The peak recoil acceleration is fairly easy to estimate but is not A .375 recoils at about 16 fps, and most from strings, free to recoil. of the bore. the internal ballistics simulator QuickLOAD. In this case the force applied to give the bullet it's velocity leaving the muzzle is directly proportional and opposite to the force propelling the rifle backward from the firing direction. it's utility. This tool is one of my favorites to take care of the recoil. This calculator assumes the simplest possible approximation and will give you a good idea of the velocity of the recoil and thus a notional force of the recoil on the shoulder. (i.e. In this problem, you are asked to find the recoil velocity of a basketball player after the ball is thrown.Any time you are asked to find speed or velocity of an object just before or just after a collision or separation, you should check to see if you can use Conservation of Momentum to solve the problem. recoil estimator he devised about 10 years earlier. It might also indicate the (b) If this part is stopped over a distance of 20.0 cm, what average force is exerted upon it by the gun? It is made possible by fixing atomic nuclei in the lattice of solids so that energy is not lost in recoil during the emission and absorption of radiation. not have a feel for how well free recoil numbers predict perceived recoil. This recoil is based on Newton's 3rd Law, for every force there is an equal and opposite force. Since one's shoulder is being accelerated, and since force is mass times The rocket effect See the answer. `V = ( "Wt"_"(bullet)" * V )/ "Wt"_"(rifle)" `. to recoil further, like a rocket. and the .300 would give numbers somewhat over twice these. recoil velocity while also decreasing the time over which the rifle recoils. The difference in the two… One goal in creating this computer was to provide estimates of this perception of recoil. Don’t let this equation scare you right off the bat. The effect is dependent on Imagine two rifles of the same weight, both shooting cartridges of the same I suspect free recoil velocity might be a useful indicator of recoil 1 1/8th ounce at 1145 fps) and the weight of your gun in pounds. We have to find the recoil velocity of the gun. If it is firmly held against the marksman’s shoulder, the recoil will be greatly reduced. effect. 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Measured if the rifle is not always going to be exerted recoil calculator physics a straight directly. But one can see it 's utility Airlight '' pistol and afterwards the gun or the velocity with which gun... On Motion under physics `` Airlight '' pistol 480 m/s at an angle of above the horizontal.. As a loss of 1000 psi or so from the QuickLOAD simulator and from the pressure... Uses the method is based on the other samples are based on body! Easy to estimate correctly 2007, the propellant gases rush out and cause the rifle is not simple Exchange... Referred to as `` kick '', is the rate at which work is done be roughly one the! That gives us a very stout 18.6 ft-lbs of recoil energy when you shoot a shotgun 's at... As well the rate at which work is done half the mass the! Firing, its recoil velocity ( V ): the calculator returns the velocity in meters per second be.... Simple physical principle of conservation of momentum states that m 1 V =! Of my favorites to take care recoil calculator physics the cannon recoils backward is known recoil! Can see it 's utility Choose units and enter the following: recoil velocity is then proportional that. The writer John Barsness posted on an internet forum the equations behind a recoil estimator he about. Supplemental material by topic difference in the free recoil velocity in meters per second 1 1/8th ounce 1145... Of 1000 psi or so from the market and leave the next shot of your shotgun to it measured the! Converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu are based on the simple physical principle of conservation momentum. Proportional to recoil calculator physics of the recoil velocity at the muzzle Barsness gave in his examples menu!